创建对应的目录

mkdir -p /opt/mysql/conf/ /opt/mysql/data /opt/mysql/logs

写入配置

vim /opt/mysql/conf/my.cnf

# For advice on how to change settings please see
# http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/server-configuration-defaults.html

[mysqld]
#
# Remove leading # and set to the amount of RAM for the most important data
# cache in MySQL. Start at 70% of total RAM for dedicated server, else 10%.
# innodb_buffer_pool_size = 128M
#
# Remove leading # to turn on a very important data integrity option: logging
# changes to the binary log between backups.
# log_bin
#
# Remove leading # to set options mainly useful for reporting servers.
# The server defaults are faster for transactions and fast SELECTs.
# Adjust sizes as needed, experiment to find the optimal values.
# join_buffer_size = 128M
# sort_buffer_size = 2M
# read_rnd_buffer_size = 2M

# Remove leading # to revert to previous value for default_authentication_plugin,
# this will increase compatibility with older clients. For background, see:
# https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/server-system-variables.html#sysvar_default_authentication_plugin
# default-authentication-plugin=mysql_native_password
skip-host-cache
skip-name-resolve
datadir=/var/lib/mysql
socket=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock
secure-file-priv=/var/lib/mysql-files
user=mysql
# 配置大小写不敏感
lower_case_table_names=1
pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid
[client]
socket=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock

!includedir /etc/mysql/conf.d/

docker pull镜像

docker pull mysql:8.0.29

创建容器

docker run -it --name mysql8 -p 3306:3306 -e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=root \
--privileged=true \
-v /opt/mysql/conf/my.cnf:/etc/my.cnf \
-v /opt/mysql/data:/var/lib/mysql \
-v /opt/mysql/logs:/var/log/mysql \
-v /etc/localtime:/etc/localtime:ro \
-e TZ=Asia/Shanghai  \
-d --restart=always mysql:8.0.29 --lower_case_table_names=1